Sunday, December 16, 2012

Point of Passion Final (Bronx, NYC)

Felt Needs

          The felt needs of city so big and even a borough so big is hard to get a grasp on. Most of what I know is from personal experiences. I've tasted and I've seen what the Bronx has to offer and a thing they need desperately is to taste and see God in all his glory and power. Before I go into the things that I've seen and what other people have to say about the city I must cover the most foundational and important felt need of the city. That need, that lack is Jesus himself. The power of the cross has not been accepted into the hearts and lives of so many. It's not hard to see in the faces and the eyes of those you walk by and sit next to in the subway. The joy of the Lord is hard to come by. It's not the norm and is surprising when you see it. Faith in something other than your own strength and power is even harder to come by.
          I am overwhelmed by the enormity of the needs of this city and specifically the borough of the Bronx. I'm overwhelmed because I care, because I see something that I know needs to be changed with no earthly idea how to do it. The one thing I know is that God is more than able to revive this city from despair. I'll go over some of the common things that I have witnessed as I've lived and worked with people from the Bronx.
          The Bronx is a very unique part of the city. Most people take pride in living in the “BX” and especially take pride in their beloved Yankees. The culture is always changing and molding, but at the same time the foundations of it remain the same. The “fight first”, “be tough”, “can't look weak” attitude is so prevalent in little kids to grown adults. It's the one thing that always sticks out when I think of the people in the Bronx that I've worked with. As I've been on buses I've seen people fighting on the street, I've seen people just about to get into it on the subway, and I've broken up so many kids from throwing punches at one another. I've heard from so many kids how they have to keep up this image of being tough, especially at school. The school is a place where if you are weak you are going to be taken advantage of. To walk like Jesus did in love and compassion is to be beaten up, stolen from, mocked and oppressed. Even teachers are abused in the schools. The children have been so engrained by their siblings and parents to stand up for themselves. I remember kids telling me that their mom told them if someone hit them to hit them back. There is no sense of forgiveness, or peace, or love for one another. It is all about me and protecting me. In some neighborhoods that is how some survive. It's survival and its protecting their families. Neighborhoods where gangs run it and if you don't join you better watch your back. Kids as young as 13 are involved in gangs, because its culture and its the only way they know how to protect themselves.
          In my opinion the protect yourself mentality is the biggest issue in the Bronx. It's the cause of so much violence and it's the enemies way of dis-unifying communities, families, races, income levels and just about anything else. Because people wont look out for one another they have a broken society living opposite of the Kingdom of God. A physical felt need is poverty. The Bronx is one of the poorest places in all of the United States. The situation is even more dire in the South Bronx, which constitutes Congressional District 16, the poorest congressional district in the country, where the poverty rate is 36.9% and the severe poverty rate is 16.6%”[1]. The South Bronx is the poorest place in the whole country. It is one of the highest areas of homelessness and prostitution. I've been here and done ministry here and you don't get far before seeing women on the street prostituting themselves and homeless people living in dumpsters. A dumpster is literally someones home and others live in abandoned warehouses. Grandparents, parents and children often live in tiny homes filled with so much stuff your not sure where to walk. There are homes infested with roaches and stairwells with trash up to your waste.
          Drugs are a huge issue in the Bronx as well. Some neighborhoods like the Tremont neighborhood in the Bronx is plagued with drugs and violence [2]. Many inmates in the New York State Prison have their homes in Tremont. It's not a pretty neighborhood and actually parallels many other neighborhoods in the Bronx that deal with the same issues. What does it all come down to? Well if you look at the families you'll see that many are young parents. Many are just young women. The men have disappeared and gone to the next woman who can give him more pleasure. Responsibility in young men is hard to come by. Many are just looking out for themselves and leave many young women left with babies to care for, feed, and nurture on their own. Many kids grow up without knowing their fathers. It's the norm, it's common, and is accepted by many women as just the way it is. The Bronx needs fathers. If they Bronx had fathers they wouldn't have half as many of the issues that they do have. “Using federal statistics, the borough president made the case for the effects of fatherless-homes in the communities of the Bronx, which he said was the county with the highest rate of single-family households. According to Díaz, 71 percent of students who drop out of high school and 63 percent of youth who commit suicide are from “father-less homes.” Díaz, who became a teenage father while a senior at Stevenson High School in the Bronx, said the topic of fatherhood and the increasing number of father-less homes was one of the “most personal” for him to talk about. In recognizing the challenges fathers face in society, he also emphasized the importance of men taking responsibility as a parent” [3]. You can see the statistics above, but it will only take you an hour walking through the streets of the Bronx to find this to be true. It's hard to find fathers with their kids or taking care of a family. A lot harder than it is anywhere else you might go.
          There are hundreds of issues in the and here is a statement from Elvira Black, who lives in the Bronx, “There are some signs of improvement, such as a state of the art library and cultural center which replaced the old dilapidated library across the street. But plans to turn an old, huge armory into a shopping center is a project that has been talked about for many years, to no avail. The confluence of poverty, lack of resources especially for youth, failing schools and high dropout rates, drugs, and gangs makes it hard to envision many young people rising above the Boogie Down zeitgiest.”[4]. There is hope and there is talk of hope for the Bronx, but maybe the reason why things haven't progressed quickly is because Jesus has not completely overtaken this desperate land. A land of great culture and history, of pride and of many problems can only be restored by the gospel of Christ. It will be the only thing to sustain a restoration of the family, poverty, violence and all their other struggles.

Evangelism

          For the Bronx a huge barrier to the message of salvation is the physical needs of the people. It's not a third world country, but there are plenty of people living in poverty. There's a number of things that could hinder the message going forth. I would do would I could to merge mercy ministry with preaching the gospel. People are annoyed of loud, street preaching, in your face ministry efforts. They quickly tune it out and move on. The message of the gospel would have to come in a unique and different way. Maybe something as simple as caring for their needs. The quickest way to their soul may be to reach their physical need. Their hearts may open as we pour into their lives sacrificially and actually help with in areas that they need help. All through the Old Testament the judges and the prophets speak about repentance and turning from sin. The Israelites were often going back to immorality and idol worship. I think the people of New York have heard this message enough. They've had enough talk about how sinful they are and how much God is not pleased with their sin. They know this message all too well. The message of condemnation has been preached and I think its finally a time to preach by example. Where do we look for this? We can look at the gospels and especially in Matthew. Jesus lived a life of sacrifice and a life in service of others. He laid down his own rights. Matthew 16:21 explains how Jesus came to be a sacrifice for us. He didn't come to be rich, or to rule the governments of the world, but he came to lay down his life for all people. This is the best way we can “preach” to the people in the Bronx. We must live a life of radical sacrifice and service to those around. Because the Bronx is in so much need it will take much sacrifice and much service. Jesus also faced persecution and made himself low so that God would raise him up later. Jesus didn't have a large following because he told people how sinful they were, but because of his extravagant love for them. I think this is an excellent model to go about evangelizing the Bronx. Jesus didn't have crowds follow him because he was arrogant and loud and confident. He had crowds because of the power of God in him. He loved, and served, and healed. Everything he did was for others. He lived a life of radical sacrifice and I don't think he regretted it for a second. When you begin to live more for those around you, you will begin to learn what it means to live.
          This message from Ecclesiastes can help transform the culture and worldview of people in the Bronx who live their lives seeking money and things. To those working to make your name great, or looking at those with riches with jealousy Solomon has something to say to you. Solomon had more money and possessions than anyone ever. He had more women, clothes, and lavish things than anyone could ever ask for. He had it all, yet he says it was nothing to him. It meant nothing. We can look at his life and his wisdom so we don't waste our lives on foolish things. Ecc 6:2 says, “God gives some people great wealth and honor and everything they could ever want, but then he doesn't give them the chance to enjoy these things. They die, and someone else, even a stranger, ends up enjoying their wealth! This is meaningless, a sickening tragedy.” Why do we seek after these things that we will only briefly be able to enjoy or not to be able to enjoy at all? What's the point? Think about it, what will it benefit you to live you whole life searching for something that wont bring you fulfillment. For those of you with nothing only desiring to have more, Solomon has this to say in Ecc 6:9, “Enjoy what you have rather than desiring what you don't have. Just dreaming about nice things is meaningless- like chasing the wind.” Why spend your life in misery and jealously longing for something you don't have. You can find joy in what you do have and in what God has already blessed you with. Sure money can get you things, “but only wisdom can save your life” (7:12). Wisdom is seeking after God, not after the riches of this earth. They will pass away. You can be a fool and chase the wind all day, but God says that there's more to this life. Fear Him, and obey His commands and your life will find meaning. Turn from your selfish desires and make Jesus Lord of our life. That is where true treasure lies and where you will be fulfilled for eternity.
          One of the most amazing things about the message of salvation is that it is all encompassing. No one gets left out. Not the poor the weak and the oppressed. Jesus says that he came for those who knew they needed a savior (James 2:5). He came for the sinners and for the weak and the poor. He came for the rich, but describes how difficult it would be for them to receive his message. They need to know how much God is for them and wants to protect them (Psalm 14:6). They don't need to protect themselves, but they actually have someone who will defend them just as he defended the Israelites for hundreds of years. God protected them from pharaoh, and brought them through many exiles. The Old Testament testifies God's protection over the weak and the poor. And in the New Testament God isn't out to make life horrible or so full of rules that we can't enjoy life. His law is life, his law is freedom. When you live the way Jesus taught us to live you will have fulfillment, life will be a joy. You can't escape the goodness of God especially when you are walking humbly.

Discipleship

          This is so key in working with young kids or teens from the city. They need discipleship and they want discipleship. One these guys trust you and respect you they want to learn more from you. It's an amazing thing, but we must be ready and willing to pursue discipleship with them. Families need discipleship in how to work together and to love one another. There are many stresses on families in the Bronx and sometimes having someone come in to help bring a godly perspective can go a long way. Be prepared for ups and downs and for a long time investment into the lives of people you are discipling.
           There are so many guys pretending to be Davids. They lead gangs, they bring terror wherever they go, and they think they are the toughest thing around. Guys think that they are brave and strong but in reality they are just fools believing a lie from the enemy. A true David fights for the weak, he is strong in his weakness, and he leaves revenge for the Lord. The character of David is not a common thing among the streets. He is someone who stands out, who is ready to be ridiculed for standing up for what he knows to be true. He stands up for righteousness and peace. He's not weak, because God is on his side and he knows it. He's brave not because of anything he has done, but because of the one who is on his side. David didn't take credit for being a great man, but understood that everything he has and everything he is is because of God. David was generous with his praise and didn't take glory for himself. Now its time for a generation of young men and women to lead the way in living like David. To stand up for peace and to be humble. Don't try to do this on your own, but seek out others who have similar desires and older men or women who can lead you.
           One thing you find so often is people who like to talk. Usually the talking isn't benefiting anyone and cuts down at others. It's a problem all over but definitely something that as a follower of Christ we should tame. The power of the tongue. Its the mightiest instrument we have in our body. It has the power to bring death and to bring life. How often do you use it to bring life? How often do you use it to build community and to build up your family? How often are you bringing life to those you say you love? Prov 15:4 says, “Gentle words are a tree of life; a deceitful tongue crushes the spirit.” It seems to me that we've made it the cool thing to do to crush someone's spirit. We try to bring down everyone around us so that we can puff ourselves up. The bible has a lot to say about such things. There is judgment for those who try to build themselves up instead of building those around us up. You were given a tongue to glorify God and to love Him by loving those around you. Your tongue is a powerful tool for good, but when mixed with a evil heart it produces death to everyone around. Your tongue will tell you exactly where your heart is. What you speak out is who you are. We can make lots of excuses about what comes out of our mouth. That we were just angry, or tired, or it was just a joke, but in reality your mouth only produces what is inside your heart. We need a generation who will show that they can control their words and their actions. We need a generation that will look back at its past and remember what their city was once like.
           New York City is a city founded on Christian principles. Back in the 1600's it was place of Christian lifestyles and Christian morals. Before it was a huge city it was a small community where everyone knew each other and where the church was a foundation for the community. Over time the city grew and the close knit communities were harder to come by. Like the Israelites in the time of the judges, the city has turned from God and from Christian lifestyles into pagan living. They now worship shoes, clothes, money and all things material. It used to be that people were content and happy and thankful for what they had. They didn't have much and sometimes having a roof over their head and a community to come along side them was enough. Now we're not happy unless we have the newest iphone, newest shoes, or that we are in with the newest styles. None of which brings happiness. The Israelites never found happiness in turning from God and they refused to obey Him long enough to find happiness in obedience to Him. So basically its time to be intentional about uniting communities together and to living a life completely opposite to the worldly ways of most in the Bronx. Its time to once again look out for one another, love one another and worship God with one another. You will find you're true fulfillment not in things, but in God and in the principles He has laid out for us. They don't limit us but they free us.
          Something that is needed in the culture in the Bronx is purity. Sexual perversion is the norm, un-wed mothers has become the norm and in a culture driven by sexual desires and impurity Song of Solomon has a lot to say. Everything our flesh desires when it comes to sex and intimacy is good, but it must wait (7:13). Anything outside of God's design for sex brings death. Song of Solomon shows the beauty and the fulfillment when we do things the way God designed. The bible is full of stories of men and women who try to do things their own way. It never works, not once. God is sovereign, and whatever He has set up for us is the best way. Everything else is like knock offs. It's bootleg, it's fake, it's not the real thing. Only God has the real deal.

Mobilization

           As far as mobilization I don't think this one will be too difficult when you have people truly transformed by the gospel. Most people from the Bronx don't have trouble speaking up and they could have a huge impact on the kingdom of God. I think there needs to be accountability just as Paul held his churches accountable. They need to know someone is leading them and is going to guide them. Left on their own it is so easy to get washed away by the world. Also, like many of the prophets of the old testament that led the people to repentance and righteousness. If you can have leaders that will lead in those ways you will have many passionate people that can make changes in their culture. The biggest hindrance to mobilization is leaders to lead these passionate people. Too often they are left on their own and end up making many mistakes that could be avoided had they had godly leadership.
          What could that leadership and accountability look like? I think small communities of people with common goals would work well. Yes of course big churches are making big differences with their many resources, but I think there's a generation of younger people that would thrive in smaller communities. Plugging into churches is key, and I think having a group of people that will dedicate themselves to one another like we see with the disciples will go a long way for the furtherance of the gospel. They lived under Jesus' teachings and company for awhile as they developed and matured. They had each other to lean on and grow together with. Once their leader left they were sent to the whole world. Even then they were not alone and had each other. Even if it was two by two they had someone else to challenge them and encourage them to keep going and living righteously. If we can model something like Jesus' ministry with his disciples I think there is much hope for the Bronx. There are many young people with amazing leadership qualities that just need maturity. A little while under good leadership in a good community and they can be sent out to do the same with others.
          God is wanting the streets of the Bronx to shout out His praise. His desire is for the streets to end with sinning and begin with love for one another. He wants the hate for one another to stop, for gangs to end, for broken families to end, for immorality to end, and for people to see God for who He truly is. As someone who cares and wants to bring restoration for a city that needs it. Don't lose hope in what God can do to this city. Its not over and its not hopeless. The power of the gospel can change the hardest of hearts and can bring cities to their knees in worship to Him.



Bibliography


1.  http://www.icphusa.org/index.asp?page=16&report=90&pg=17.  ICPH, "Reports and Briefs, A Bronx Tale: The Doorway to Homelessness in New York City", February 2012.


2.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremont,_Bronx#Social_problems.  Wikipedia, Tremont, Bronx. December 3, 2012

3.  http://bronxfreepress.com/archives/2012/0404/feature_story_2.html.  The Bronx Free Press.  'Talk and Taking Action: Bronx Fathers Summit". Marisol Rodriguez. April 4, 2012.

4.  http://blogcritics.org/culture/article/slumming-it-in-the-bronx/.  Blog Critics.  "Slumming it in the Bronx".  Elvira Black.   May 10, 2010.

Friday, December 14, 2012

Jude

What is the reason this book was written?

      Jude wrote this book to defend believers against false teaching (1:4). His purpose is to keep the gospel pure from anyone who is not preaching the truth about God. He calls the church to defend the 
faith (1:3).


What is the main idea?

      The main idea in this book is to hold on to truth by holding on to God. Jude tells them of God's ability and longing to guide them and love them (1:20-23). They have hope in God, because he is greater than anything they could ever face on the earth.


What is the important historical background?

      It seems that he may have written this around the time of Peter's second letter. They both talk about a lot of the same things dealing with false teaching. Perhaps they were referring to many of the same things during the time of Nero. Jude is the half brother of Jesus and brother to James. At the time people were pretending to be from God, but preaching a different gospel (1:4).


What does this book show about the character and nature of God?

       Jude ends the book with a description of God's character. He says that all glory goes to God and that all majesty, power and authority belong to him. He is restating to the church who God is and how great he is. He emphasizes that God is God for all time, therefore he is the only one we can put all of our hope in.


James

What is the reason this book was written?

     The reason that the book of James was written was to teach the believers that faith in God was not made complete without actions (2:17, 22). They needed to understand that just saying they had faith was not enough, but they had to prove their faith (2:20-22).


What is the main idea?

      The main idea of James is to do what you say you believe. If you say you have faith in something then your life should reflect that (2:26). The word faith is mentioned 16 times in the book of James. This is definitely the point he was trying to get across to the believers.


What is the important historical background?

      James, the brother of Jesus, wrote this book to fellow believers (1:1). It is considered to be one of the first books in the New Testament. He writes this to a mainly Jewish audience (1:1). The


What does this book show about the character and nature of God?

      God blesses those who keep their faith through trails and testings (1:12). Though God allows temptations into our life he is never the one he gives them (1:12). God is the author of all things that are good and not the sin that entangles us. He remains the same to and forever. He is the unchanging God. (1:17).


II Peter

What is the reason this book was written?

      As Peter is coming close to death and all the other apostles as well. He fears that false teachers will prevail and that the gospel will be mixed with these false teachings (1:15). He writes this to teach them the truth and to hold on to the truth (3:17-18). He warns them against false teachers and tells them what they can expect to hear from them (2:3)

 
What is the main idea?

      The main idea in II Peter is the awesomness of Jesus. That he will do everything he promised and that he will come through for them (3:13-14). Though others will preach against him you can stand firm in your faith. God will help them through and lead them into truth (3:18).


What is the important historical background?

      Pretty much the same as I Peter. He writes to those in Asia Minor, ( Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia) but this time because he knows his time is coming soon. Nero was ruling over Rome and was persecuting the church. Those churches in Asia Minor needed to hear the truth so that the false teaching that Peter knew was coming wouldn't corrupt them.


What does this book show about the character and nature of God?

      Basically, Jesus is described as the one worthy of our suffering, glory, and honor. Jesus is God's son in whom he is very please with and is coming again (2:16-17). There isn't much describing who God is, but we see how necessary it is to believe in the truth about him. Peter doesn't have to explain about God to them, but to reemphasize trusting in him and his goodness.

I Peter

What is the reason this book was written?

Peter wrote this book to encourage the believers that God had not abandoned them though they were facing difficult times because of persecution (5:12). Peter wanted them to see that it was actually good for them to endure testing and that God is a good God (1:7).


What is the main idea?

The main idea of I Peter is that the people of God are royalty (2:9-11). This helped give the believers hope in God and also the strength and desire to keep persevering. As royalty Peter calls them to live lives that are holy (1:15-16). Because Christ suffered here on earth we can suffer for his name. The must give up their rights to their own lives just as Jesus had done (4:1-2).


What is the important historical background?

The book was written by the apostle Peter to Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia (1:1). They were suffering under persecution as well as other believers in other cities (5:9). Peter wrote this from “Babylon” which some would say is code for Rome (5:13).


What does this book show about the character and nature of God?

God has no favorites! (1:17). An important theology for the church to understand, because Jesus had opened the door for all those who believe in him. Jesus is the living stone, the foundation to our faith. Those who stumble over him are doomed to hell, but those who accept him gain eternal life free from their sins (2:4-8).

Hebrews

What is the reason this book was written?

     This book was written to the Christians who, in face of persecution, were reverting back to Judaism. We can see this in the text as the author gives evidence of Jesus' authority and why going back to the old covenant is meaningless (1:4-9). The author proves Jesus as greater than anything or anyone and pleads for believers to stick with Christianity though there was persecution for them (13:20-21).


What is the main idea?

     The main idea of Hebrews is that no one compares to Jesus. He is described as greater than the angles (1:4) and greater than Moses (3:3). He is now our High Priest, but serves in a much different way than the high priests of the Old Testament. He made the sacrifice with his life, once and for all time (8:1-2, 6, 9:11-15). Jesus offered himself as a perfect sacrifice for our sins and this is the reason why the old covenant is meaningless. Jesus came to make a better covenant for us. We can come to the throne of God, because Jesus died to remove our sins from us. We are spotless before God and are able to live free from guilt. The author uses all of this to urge Christians to persevere.


What is the important historical background?

     We know that the church was now being persecuted (10:33). Christianity became known as a new religion and was not excepted by Rome. They began to be persecuted for being followers of Jesus. The book was written to Jews. The author talks about accepting a new covenant and the uselessness of the old (8:6). This would have only been important to Jews who had come from Judaism. The persecution of the church came heaviest under Nero and this book would have been written during his rule.


What does this book show about the character and nature of God?

     God is our merciful and faithful High Priest. He came as a servant to redeem his people (2:17-18). Jesus came and suffered and was tempted in all the same things we are tempted in. He could be the perfect sacrifice and perfect high priest, because though he was tempted he never sinned (4:13-16). God sees the things that we do to help one another. He cares about our actions and how we treat the body of Christ (6:10). Again we see him as the perfect High Priest that lives forever. Because he lives forever we don't need another (7:24-28). He went into the most holy place and offered his own blood that tore the vail in two (9:11-12). Most of this book explains God as I have above. God is our perfect father, high priest, and savior.


Friday, December 7, 2012

II Timothy

Why was this book written?

      This letter was written to Timothy because Paul was close to death. Many people deserted Paul in his last days (4:10,14). Paul deeply trusted Timothy and put him in charge of the church in Ephesus. He was writing this to pass on his legacy to Timothy. He recounts some of his trials and uses them to encourage Timothy (1:3-9). Paul wanted to leave his life's work into good hands and he places it into the hands of Timothy. 


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main thing Paul was trying to do in this letter was to pass on his calling. He wanted Timothy to keep going, to fight when things got hard and to keep persevering (4:2-6). He knew things wouldn't be easy for him as things were very difficult in his own life. He just tells Timothy to follow his example (4:6-8). Paul knew he had run a good race and had given his whole life to God. His last wish was that Timothy would follow in his footsteps.


I Timothy

Why was this book written?

      Paul wrote this first letter to Timothy because of the difficulty Timothy was having in leadership. The church in Ephesus wasn't awesome and Timothy needed some guidance on how to get things back on track. In this letter Paul gives very practical advice on how to conduct the church and give it more order so that it can function properly. Paul tells Timothy to be bold and to live a life that others look at and respect (4:11-12).


What is the main idea of this book?

       The main idea in this book is for the church to be godly and orderly. It seems like Timothy may have been taken advantage of because of his youth and the people didn't respect his leadership. Paul tells him to teach them and not to let them make fun of him (4:11-12). Paul tells Timothy to warn the people against their sinful ways (6:4). His desire was to see a pure church that worked together. Paul gives specific instructions in dealing with sin among the church (5:17-22). Again, all pointing to the fact that Paul was writing in order that the church of Ephesus would bring glory and honor to God. At the moment, there were a bit of a mess.

Titus

Why was this book written?

      Paul wrote this book to Titus to help him as be began his ministry in the church (1:5). Titus must have been a younger guy and Paul writes this very pastoral/fatherly letter to him to help him out (1:4). Paul gives him instruction on how to select church leaders (1:7-9) and how men and woman should live (2:2-6). Paul had intrusted this group of people to Titus and leaves him on his own. This letter is just to encourage and help him out as he begins.


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea of this book is how Titus should lead the church. Paul gives him instructions on selecting leaders and tells him to be an example to the people (2:7). Paul explains what to do when there are those who sin and refuse to repent (3:10-11). Paul's main purpose in writing is that Titus would lead a healthy, godly church (1:15).


Philemon

Why was this book written?

      The letter Paul wrote to Philemon was mainly about Paul sending back Philemon's slave, Onesimus back to him. Onesimus had apparently ran away from Philemon and had come to know the Lord. Paul speaks very highly of him so that Philemon would be merciful to him. What Paul was asking was against the law, but he believed in Onesimus and hoped Philemon would too.


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea in this book is forgiveness. Onesimus is a run away slave that encounters God. God forgives him of his sin and Onesimus turns his life over to God. Paul sees the transformation and is even blessed by Onesimus (1:10-11). Paul almost begs for Philemon to forgive Onesimus is great sin (1:17-18). He gives one last appeal by saying that Philemon owes Paul his life because Paul brought him the gospel (1:19). Paul shows that he doesn't favor anyone and will offer forgiveness to anyone if they repent just as Christ died for all sinners.


II Thessalonians

Why was this book written?

      The main reason this book is written is very much the same as First Thessalonians. It seems that there were false teachers talking about the end of time. Paul writes them to clarify that the end has not come and they are to keep living strong for God (2:1-4, 15). Again Paul encourages them and tells them that the end is not here yet, but it is near. They will have relief from this present darkness (1:4-7). Paul probably thought the end was coming sooner than 2000 years, but in light of eternity their suffering was for a very short time.


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea in this book can be summed up in chapter 1 verses 11 and 12. It says that God will help them through the trials and struggles. They will bring honor to God as they seek to do what is right and because of that God will in return, honor them. Basically Paul urges them to keep fighting, to keep running the race, and not to give in to the evil around them. Paul warns them of great evil to come and in 2:15 says that everything he is teaching them is to help them overcome the darkness.


I Thessalonians

Why was this book written?

      Paul writes to the Thessalonians to encourage them (1-9). He takes a lot of time to tell them that they are doing great and that he is proud of them. He also takes time to tell them of sin that they were taking part in. He addresses the area of sexual sin (4:3, 6) and relates to them in their suffering. Paul knows very well about persecution and the Thessalonians were most likely facing some at the time (3:7-8). The main reason this book was written was for encouragement and then to challenge them.


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea in Thessalonians is to persevere. Paul relates to them in their suffering but he encourages them to be joyful (5:16). He doesn't leave them with an excuse to stop living for God. No matter what happens they should be thankful to God (5:18). Paul really challenges them in the ending chapter. He is clear in his message that they are to keep fighting the good fight (5:14-15).




Colossians

Why was this book written?

      The primary reason Colossians was written is to confront the heresy about Jesus and who he is. Paul spends almost an entire chapter teaching them about Jesus and who he is. He tells them that God lives in him, that he was raised from the dead, that Jesus defeated all the powers of evil and that same Jesus lives inside of them (1:15, 272:6, 9, 12, 15, 17). Paul wants them to get that Jesus has paid it all and that their hope in salvation is secure.

  
What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea in Colossians is that Jesus has paid the price for their sins. They don't have to continue trying to separate unclean or clean, but they are free to live for God by the power of Christ in them. It doesn't help to say don't do this or don't do that when the real issue is their hearts (2:17-18). Jesus has done it all (2:14). Now they are to live with that truth and with that power to set their minds on things above. They have power over their sin and over their fleshly bodies because of the power of the cross (2:20).

Philippians

Why was this book written?

      Paul was grateful to the Philippian church because of the they had financially supported him. They held a special place in Paul's heart because of their support of him and his ministry (1:7). He spends a lot of time simply encouraging the church. Sometimes complimenting them and sometimes encouraging them to keep on keeping on (1:10-11, 26, 29-30). There were also false teachers here and Paul writes partly to warn them of the lies that are being spread and who Christ is (3:2-3)


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea in Philippians is to be set apart as Christ holy people and to know and understand who Christ really is. There were false teachers trying to discredit Jesus. Paul writes to encourage them to live like Christ and affirming Jesus as the Son of God. Paul spends a lot of time in telling them to be set apart. Because they are Christians he calls them to live in a way where no one can say anything about them (2:15). He continues to explain to them what it means to be a Christian and how to set themselves apart from their Pagan culture (3:19-21, 4:8-9). He finishes by telling them that it is by God's power that they can do this (4:13).

Ephesians

Why was this book written?

      The main reason Paul wrote this book to the Ephesian church was to guide them and challenge them to live for God in a pagan culture. He goes through a few different approaches. He tells that it is by God's Spirit that they can live righteous lives and not of their own doing. The power comes from God (1:18-19). Paul goes on to explain that there is no mystery with God. It has been revealed through the work of the Holy Spirit (3:1-5). The false teachers were bringing up claims that God had a secret, but Paul explains that God has made this secret clear. Paul further talks about God's character by saying that his love is enormous (3:18-19). And finally at the end after Paul affirms God and explains some of the things they were confused about he tells them to live for God in their Pagan culture. He tells them to live in a way worthy of their calling (4:1). They were weak in their faith and he tells them to stop listening to false teachers and to listen to what he just told them. He goes on to tell them how to be set apart and that the Spirit will be their guide to live set apart from their culture (4:23)


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea of Ephesians is Paul's attempt to bring unity to the body of Christ. He tells them of their new identity as Gentiles and as Jews who are now one. The body of Christ is their new identity with Christ as the head and with each of them as the hands and feet (1:22-23). Paul gives identity to them as believers (2:1-10) and specifically to the Gentiles. Christ as given the the Gentiles an invitation into the kingdom and into unity with Jews (2:18-19, 3:6). Because of what Jesus has done on the cross the whole world can be united as the body of Christ. There is no more distinction between Jew and Gentile and Paul is one of the first guys to give this message.


Galatians

Why was this book written?

      It seems that the church in Galatia was being hindered by false teachers. Paul, in several different versus addresses this problem (2:5, 4:17, 5:10, 6:12-13). The false teachers were bringing in lies to the church. They were trying to bring the church back to what Christ had come to fulfill on the cross (3:3-5). The false teachers taught that the must uphold the law and that they were not as free as Paul had said. The church seems to have bought in to what these teachers were saying and this letter goes after these lies from the false teachers.


What is the main idea of this book?

      Paul addresses the problem going on in the church with the lies the false teachers are bringing. He explains that they are free in Christ by their faith and that it would have been useless for Jesus to die and rise again if they still had to live under the law (2:21). Paul explains to them what freedom is and that it should lead to love for their neighbors (5:13-15). He makes harsh contrasts between sinners and those who live by the spirit. Though they don't live under the law, living under the Spirit means they are lead by the Spirit. Their lives should reflect this in the way they treat one another and in their morality (5:21-22, 25-26). Twice he gives contrasts between living by the flesh and living by the Spirit (6:8). The main idea Paul is getting across is that they are free in Christ and what freedom in Christ looks like as they the Spirit leads them.


II Corinthians

Why was this book written?

      Paul wrote II Corinthians so that when he wouldn't have to deal with all of their mess when he visited them. He cared about them and wanted to have a joyful and peaceful time. He didn't want to spend the whole time correcting them and rebuking them (2:3-4, 13:10). Paul really loved them and it hurt him to hear about all the things they were doing. He appeals to them to change from their ways. He tells them to stay away from evil doers and to stay away from sin (6:14-17, 7:1). He is trying to get them to unite as a body and to lay down their rights (12:5). He doesn't want to have a dark and sad time with them, but one of rejoicing and gladness, because they obey what he's telling them. He tells them that they should put others first and to boast in Christ work in them and not their own self righteousness or gifts.


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea that Paul is trying to get across to the church in Corinth is to lay down their pride and self righteousness. He preaches that he has done this and has gone through numerous persecutions (6:1-9). He appeals to them to put their trust in God instead of their own strength (1:9). The more they rely on God and boast in their weakness the more they glorify God (12:9-10). To become more like Christ is to live by the Spirit within them and not by their flesh (3:17-18). Paul addresses many other things in this letter, but what I saw over and over was this appeal to lay down their rights and their pride. They were putting themselves over their brothers and sisters in Christ. Paul tries to teach them that their church will flourish if they will humble themselves and put others ahead of themselves. He gives examples how he has done this himself, and he explains how they can do this. He concludes by telling them what glorifies God most and that is laying down their life and trusting fully in God.

  

I Corinthians

Why was this book written?

      I Corinthians was written to help a struggling immature church function like God fearing, neighbor loving Christians. Paul writes this letter to a church he started that had lost its unity and had fallen into sin (6:8). The church had been misusing their spiritual gifts and had become prideful with them (14:12). The church had become chaotic and Paul was written to help bring order to their church. Paul addresses each sinful thing of the church in boldness and with truth. He writes this book to encourage the church but a lot of book is written to correct their sin 1:2-9).


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea of I Corinthians is love and to put others above themselves. Much of the sin in the church was because they were putting themselves first. The ones who spoke in tongues spoke out over others and caused chaos (14:6-9). He tells them to respect one another as everyone has different thoughts on what is sin and what is not (8:12-13). Even in their spiritual gifts Paul says they are to bless one another and not to bring glory to themselves (12:7-12). I Corinthians 13 explains that anything we do without love is worth nothing at all. We always aught to do things out of love. Whether it be using our spiritual gifts or if it be doing a work of charity. We should do all things through love. The problem behind their problems is their lack of love for one another and their failure to put others first.


Romans

Why was this book written?

      Romans was written to help shed some light on what Christianity was. There were many struggles in doctrine, in shifting from Judaism to Christianity, and in the inclusion/exclusion of Gentiles (2:28-3:1). Paul writes this book to the Christians in Rome. He writes to them to tell them about salvation through faith and that it is not of their good deeds, but because of their faith that they can claim salvation (3:21-25). Paul makes clear that circumcision is not necessary anymore and that they cannot claim to be saved just because they are a son of Abraham (2:-25-29). He said that even Abraham was saved by faith and there was nothing else about Abraham that made him justified before God (4:1-3). Paul wrote this to continue to share that Christianity was for everyone and that the Jewish customs were not necessary, but it was faith alone that brought salvation. Paul writes this book to also give application to the things he was talking about (12-16).


What is the main idea of this book?

      The main idea of Romans is that grace is found by faith alone and that grace is for the Jew and the Gentile. There is no other way for salvation. Not through Abraham, not through circumcision, not through the law and not through their good works. Paul is clear to tell the Romans that grace comes by faith. Along with grace by faith is that grace is for all people, both Jew and Gentile. Paul identifies to both the Jews and the Romans in his greeting to the people of Rome (1:7). He is trying to unite the two and to continue to expand the church by bringing unity and love by casting out pride from the Jews who didn't want to except the Gentiles as they were.


Acts

Why was this book written?

      The book of Acts was written to Theophilus to tell him about what had happened after Jesus' resurrection. It's a sequel to his gospel account of Luke. Chapter one gives the resurrection account and then goes into detail about all that happened after Jesus resurrected. Acts breaks down the barrier between the Jew and the Gentile when Peter says that the Holy Spirit will be poured out on to everyone (2:17). All of the events give the Christian faith legitimacy as the things that happened to Jesus fulfilled the Old Testament prophecies about the coming Messiah that would forever change Judaism (1:16, 3:18, 13:29-30). A lot of this book helped to bring clarity to their religion and to solidify it as a true religion. I think Luke was trying to defend their faith and to show that Jesus was in fact the Messiah that had come to earth to bring all people to himself.


What is the main idea of this book.

      The main idea of Acts is to show that Christianity is for the Jew and just as much for the Gentile. The gospel message is for all people and the message of Jesus is brought from Jerusalem to Rome and is commanded by Jesus to be brought to the ends of the earth (1:8). The Holy Spirit is a main theme in the book. The Holy Spirit filling signifies that God has come upon that person and the Holy Spirit fills both Jews and Gentiles (11:15). This gives more credit to the fact that Jesus died for all and that he is the savior to all people. The church explodes and expands through the power of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit grants boldness (4:31) and gives the apostles power to do signs (2:43). The legitimacy of the apostles and followers of Jesus comes from the power of the Holy Spirit. The church expands, spiritual gifts are given, and the Holy Spirit falls on gentiles.


Apostle Paul: Character Study

Paul the Apostle: A Character Study



What was Paul's definition of a Christian Life?

      Paul addresses this issue more than anything else I found in his letters. Because of  transition from Judaism to Christianity Paul addresses unity in Christ many times in a number of different books (1Cor 1:10). He even goes into detail in how they can be united. Mainly he asks the Jews to lay down the law, because Jesus came to fulfill it. Paul was firm in his preaching of a united body and the truth that Jesus died for all to be reconciled to him (Col 3:12). Another matter that he addressed to keep unity was their flaunting, false teaching, and chaotic use of their spiritual gifts (1 Cor 4:1-4, 9, 26). Paul taught a lot with this as his main theme. To include everyone and be unified. He acknowledges that people have different gifts, but they are for the benefit of the whole and so they should use their gifts not for themselves but for the strengthening of the whole (1Cor 4:12-13, 12:7-13, Eph 4:1-4, 16).
      Another issue in the church was the issue of worldly philosophies and worldly wisdom that had been creeping its way in. Paul taught them that to the world they would seem foolish. They weren't meant to look good, sound smart or appear high class (1Cor 3:18-19). He refers to these people who sway back and forth with the worlds teachings as babies who still need milk and can't eat meat (3:1-4). Paul actually calls the people to lay down everything that comes from the world. All earthly desires should be laid down so that God would be their number one focus (1Cor 7:29-31, 15:58, Gal 5:19-21, Eph 5:15-20, Col3:5-10, 1 Thes 4:3-6). Paul gives them examples of what it means to live by the Spirit. It's not that they can keep the law and appear good to man, but its their heart and their actions. (2Cor 10:3, Eph 4:20, Col 3:11, 1Thes 4:11, 5:22). Paul mentions that sometimes that means abstaining from things for the furtherance of the gospel and the consideration of a fellow believer (1Cor 8:9-13). Paul lived that out more than he said it with words.
A number of times Paul warns against who they are spending their time with. Paul made it clear that someone elses sinful lifestyle will effect them. From the lazy (2Thes3:6-9), to fools (Eph 5:6), to sinners (1Cor15:33). He cares for them deeply and wants to see them thrive. He teaches them these things in order that they would benefit and be able to live more holy lives that glorify God. Paul was a humble man and he thought others should be as well. Instead of lifting up themselves he told them to life up God. To boast in their weakness because of Christ who has died for those very things (2Cor 10:17-18).
      Paul taught on a few more practical things. Some dealing with how they should deal with certain things that were in the church and in their lives. Some people got excited about freedom in Christ and thought they could do what they wanted, but Paul tells them that their freedom is to glorify God by living righteous. Not by allowing God to show more mercy because of their sin (1Cor 10:23). The church had those who wouldn't repent of sin and Paul tells them to send them out of the church and leave them to Satan. He tells them to give to those in need (2Cor 8:14). When others have gone astray they should lead them back to the truth of Christ (Gal 6:1). They will reap what they sow (Gal 6:7-10). He tells them to care for their leaders and their teachers to show their gratitude (Gal 6:6, 1Thes 5:12-13). He talks to families and tells them to put one another first (Col 3:18-21). He encourages them to always pray, to keep their eyes on what is true, holy, pure right, to be joyful, to be thankful, and to love those who hate them (Phil 4:8-9, 1Thes 5:14-21). And finally Everything comes down to love (1Cor 13:1-3, 16:14). In all that they do, even the good things, the motive should be love. If there are ulterior motives then their good works don't mean a thing.


How did He live it out?

      I feel like Paul definitely taught more than we see him live it out. I think some of that is because of his humility in not trying puff himself up as a righteous person all the time. He shares about what he does and his experiences a lot, but not necessarily how he always lived these things out.  Basically, Paul is someone who isn't afraid to say what he knows is right. He was blunt and got right to the issues at hand (1Cor 3:1-4). He confronts Peter and all the Jews who were trying to make the Gentiles confirm to their Christianity (Gal 2:14). Paul exemplified someone who didn't have the fear of man. He only received judgment from God. He was only concerned about honoring God (1Cor 4:3-4). He himself only judged other believers and not those of the world. He sought to reach them, but did not judge them in their blind state (1Cor 5:12). Though he thought himself able to judge other believers he took drastic measures not to offend his brothers and sisters in Christ. He makes a dramatic statement that he will never eat meat again if he offends anyone by what he eats (1Cor 8:13). Paul says that he tries to look beyond the surface when it comes to judging other people. He does what he can to look at their hearts and not just how things appear (2Cor 5:16). Paul tells everyone that he isn't perfect and that he doesn't have it all together. But he aims for that goal and reaches for the prize and the end of the race (Phil 3:12-14). Paul worked harder than anyone. Probably in his secular job as a tent maker and in all he did for the furtherance of the gospel (Col 1:29).


What was Paul's understanding of missions?

      Paul definitely lived out missions in a way that would challenge anyone. He did teach those he wrote to a thing or two about it as well. I think the most important part of Paul's teaching on missions is that anyone can do it. He taught them that there identity didn't come from their position in society, but God actually wanted to use them as they were. God didn't require that they be special, but they were completely and fully ready because God had called them and because God called them to be his special possession. Paul gave validity to praying for the workers out in the field (Col 4:3-4). He taught them that they should be praying for the furtherance of the gospel. They could help the cause of Christ by petitioning to God on the behalf of the lost. And with prayers of strength and endurance for those who were being persecuted for telling others about the good news.


How did he live it out?

      Now this is where the life of Paul really challenges. Paul suffered through so many things. He actually lists them out a few times to give the people he's writing to an idea of what he has been through. He mentions that he has been lashed, beaten with a stick, stoned, shipwrecked, and has been in great dangers. On top of that he's had sleepless nights, been hungry, thirsty and hasn't always had enough clothes to stay warm when it had been cold (2Cor 11:24-28). When he did suffer these things he only trusted God more. He claimed the power to persevere not from himself, but from the power of God working through him (2Cor 4:4-8). Paul actually claims to have been weak and fearful of his task (1Cor 2:3). But later on after he had matured in his ministry he says that he was glad to suffer for God, because it gave glory to God (Col 1:24-26).
       Paul was an excellent missionary and a great man to try and model a few things after. His whole ministry was about unity and bringing people together for a common purpose (1Cor 7:17-19). He practically lived it out by preaching unity and that Jews and Gentiles were the same, but even in his choice of ministry partners he showed unity. Paul worked with the young and old, people with different ethnic backgrounds, with, the rich and the poor, and with people from all over. It didn't matter to Paul because he knew how great of a work Christ had done on the cross and that it unified the whole world. Or at least those who would call Jesus Lord. Paul taught that anyone can be used by God and he lived that out by being used by God the way he was. Paul didn't speak exceptionally well, but he spoke a lot, he wasn't tall or didn't look anything special and he just taught a simple gospel. Not in a fancy way, but in the way he knew and from his heart (1Cor 1:17). Paul would have been a good YWAMer. He didn't care about money very much and didn't even ask for money or receive money in some places (9:17-18). He was more concerned that people were hearing the gospel and that they didn't think he was just trying to get money. In a sense he became a slave to the people he preached to. He became like them and did what he could not to offend them so that they would have no obstruction to hearing the gospel (1Cor 9:19-20).
      He worked hard, harder than anyone else and took pride in that (1Cor 15:10). Not a sinful or comparative pride, but a pride in the sense that he had validity because he was doing all that he could. He didn't brag about himself but he gave all the glory to God. He gave all the credit and adoration to God for his abilities and endurance (2Cor 5:11-15). He wasn't a rich man and like I said earlier and he suffered a whole lot. But Paul didn't complain or find any reason to be lazy, he remained joy filled and filled with passion (2Cor 6:9-10). Pleasing people was never his goal. Whether he did or not was not his concern, but only that God would be pleased with him (Gal 1:10). It's pretty clear that this is true after reading just a little in Colossians when he goes right after the false teachers. He doesn't bother being polite about their teachings, but calls it out for what it is and inserts the truth of Christ instead.
      Paul preached a lot about turning from sin and leaving all the things of the world behind. Not once do we see Paul falling into the temptations of the world. Yes we know he struggles with sin, but he doesn't let himself get caught up in the entertainment of his day. His focus is too determined on the end goal. Paul thinks the end is coming in his lifetime and so he tries to get everyone on board with getting the news out about Christ. He is urgent with his message and he makes his fleshly desires a slave to his main goal (1Cor 9:26-27).
      I don't think Paul ever taught about something he personally didn't live out. That's why he was respected and that's why his letters are in the bible. Paul was a genuine, humble servant of the Most High. He laid down his rights each day and didn't demand anything from God. Instead he gave his whole life to God in a way that I may never really come to understand.


How does Paul's definitions challenge or affirm you life/ministry?

      Paul's life was ministry and his ministry was his life. Paul was looking for the coming of Christ and he wanted to do everything he could to honor and glorify God in his lifetime. Paul knew his time was short as all our lives are short. He was set one one purpose and the measures he took to insure that he was always set on that purpose is what has challenged me the most. To answer the question are there areas of Paul's teaching that God is asking me to apply in my life? Well this is it. Since beginning Paul's letters this has been the one thing God has brought up over and over. It's the thing Paul has challenged me in and its the thing God is asking me to apply in my life. There are hundreds of things that are challenging from Paul's letters but this one thing has stuck out through almost every letter. That is the laying down of rights. We get taught that here in YWAM, but the extent Paul goes to is far greater than anyone I've met.
      I always have a hard time putting these things on paper, because I can't quite express how I've been challenged or the many feelings I've had as I read through Paul's letters. I get a sense of urgency to run the race. In a sprint there are no time for breaks or distractions, or even to look back at the other runners. This week has taught me so much about the things I value and how they are so fleeting. Without trying to sound legalistic about it, there have been many things that God has shown me that I don't really need. Like my “need” for entertainment or down time. Yes resting is good, but what things in my day are a waste of time? What things are hindering me from doing what God has called me to do? What can I do without if I simply train myself to live in a way where I am constantly maturing and working harder for God? How many TV shows do I need to watch before I have relaxed and had enough down time?
      All these questions have come up as I look at Paul's life and see that he has no desire to let anything creep in to distract him from his purpose. The way he lives almost seems unattainable because I make up excuses as to why I can't be like Paul. And not just Paul, but to be like Jesus Christ.  I can come up with so many things that aren't valid reasons to God why I am not doing as much as I can to bring honor and glory to him. I'm not talking about never having fun or downtime, but I'm talking about what I need and what I only think I need because of the culture around me and patterns in my life so far. Do I really need the things I think I need or can I leave behind many comforts of this world? I don't want to be distracted by worldly things that bring me no fulfillment and bring no glory to God. I want to set my eyes on what is true, and just, and holy. Paul's life has challenged me like never before this week and I hope I was able to communicate just a little of that. I still don't feel like I've been able to bring out all that has being going on inside, but I know that I am more ready to live a life that has a whole lot less to do with me and whole lot more to do with God. A life that has more love, more selflessness, more devotion to God, more dedication, more endurance, and more fulfillment.


Are there Sacrifices I have made/may make that are similar to Paul?

      Well living the life of a missionary would seem to some like a sacrifice, but this has been the greatest, most fulfilling time of my life. To call it a sacrifice to serve in Hawaii, and to go to the nations is a stretch for me, but there are many things that I have had to leave behind. At first, yes they seem like sacrifices, but in the end, they are worth much more than comfortable living could ever bring. So I'm not worried about comfort so much and I'm not worried about finding fulfillment through worldly things. Jesus really is enough, and the power of Christ really does give me everything I need. He really is a good friend and father who is there for me relationally and as my provider. I've never faced the kind of sacrifices Paul had faced, but I know that God is more powerful to get me through than my own ability. I know that Paul was able to do what he did because of the power of God. It's almost relieving to know that Paul was weak and scared, short and not very good at speaking. It wasn't ever about Paul, but it was always about God working through him. The power of the cross becomes greater and greater in us as we give away more of our rights. The more we give of ourselves, the more we must rely on God and he never runs out of power and strength to give us. And so I'm learning that to sacrifice is to be fulfilled. Just knowing that I am doing what I know to be right and what brings the most glory and honor to God from my life is enough.